ELECTROLYTIC LIME SCALE REMOVAL SYSTEM
Electrolytic Scale Removal Systems (also known as electronic or electrochemical water conditioners) these systems typically alter the crystallization behavior of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), causing it to form non-adherent crystals that are less likely to stick to surfaces as scale.
The calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions responsible for hardness still remain in the water, but in a form that’s less prone to deposit as scale. The deposition of precipitated salts on the cathode of an Electrolysis scale removal system is a key part of how these systems reduce scale formation in water systems.
If you're mainly concerned with scale prevention without altering water composition too much, Electrolysis systems may suffice.
So, although scale formation may be reduced drastically, but the total hardness (as CaCO₃) measured by a test kit or titration will remain mostly unchanged.
Environmental Impact: ELSR is an environment friendly scale removal system as there is no brine discharge; whereas resin based water softeners use Brine discharge, which affects local ecosystems.
Here's how it works:
What Happens at the Cathode?
In an Electrolysis Scale Removal System: Water flows through a chamber with electrodes (anode and cathode). An electric current is applied. At the cathode (negative electrode), the following main reactions occur:
Reduction of water leads to the formation of hydroxide ions (OH⁻) and hydrogen gas (H₂):
2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ (gas) + 2OH⁻
The local pH near the cathode increases due to OH⁻ buildup.
This causes calcium (Ca²⁺) and carbonate (CO₃²⁻) ions to exceed their solubility product and form calcium carbonate (CaCO₃).
Deposition Process:
The CaCO₃ precipitates directly onto the cathode as a solid.
Sometimes magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) may also precipitate if magnesium levels are high. This removes hardness minerals from solution and prevents them from forming scale elsewhere in the system.
The precipitate can be periodically cleaned off the cathode, depending on the system design.
Impact:
It reduces the amount of scale-forming ions in the flow downstream.
However, since it's a localized reaction, total water hardness measured elsewhere remains largely unchanged. This deposition is also a sign of the system functioning properly.
Advantages of ELSR
• 100% savings on chemicals.
• 60 to 70% savings on blow-down water.
• 10 to 50% savings on labor costs.
• 20 to 30% of water savings.
• It reduces the nitrate and fluoride from groundwater +.
It helps in the reduction of salt stress on plants ++
Inputs required to design the ELSR System:
TDS: ……… ppm
Flow Rate:……….. LPH
Pipe Dia.:……….. (in mm or inches)
MOC of pipe: GI UPVC CPVC
Pump Rating: ……… HP
Daily consumption of treated water:…….. Ltrs.